Riachuelo 3 The Tunnel

7 3 18th Century. During the Enlightment 386 Niels Klim’s Underground Travels (1741), by Ludwig Holberg 386 19th Century 391 The Hollow Earth Theory 391 Journey to the Centre of the Earth (1854), by Julio Verne 394 Los Miserables, by Victor Hugo . Des Egouts de Paris 396 Notes from Underground (1864), by Fyodor Dostoevsky 400 20 th Century 402 The Tunnel (Der Tunnel, 1913), by Bernhard Kellemann 402 Pellucidar Series (1914-1944) by Edgar Rice Burroughs 403 The Burrow (1923), by Franz Kafka 405 Half Mile Down (1939), by William Beebe 410 The Tunnel (1948) and On Heroes and Tombs (1961), by Ernesto Sábato 416 Tolkien and Lewis : the underground worlds in the Middle Earth and in Narnia 423 The Dumb Waiter (1957), by Harold Pinter 433 Julio Cortázar's undergrounds 439 The Cellar. A Withdrawal (1976), by Thomas Bernhard 445 Rita Hayworth and the Shawshank Redemption (1982), by Stephen King 449 Tunnels in films 454 Underground (1995), by Emir Kusturica 457 Parasite (2019), by Bong Joon-Ho 465 Return to the base 472 References 474 Acknowledgements 478 Behind the book 488 Introduction. The time tunnel 336 Tunnels in culture 340 Imagology and the matrix image of tunnels 343 Speleology and cultural tunnelling 350 Tunnelists’ godparents 355 Underground culture 357 Tunnels in underground cities 361 Catacombs 365 Tunnels and imaginary underground cities 367 Tunnels in literature 370 East 373 West 375 Katabasis 375 Greco-Latin Antiquity 376 Odyssey, by Homer 376 Aeneid, by Virgil 378 The Middle Ages 380 The Divine Comedy, by Dante 380 Adam Buenosayres (1948), by Leopoldo Marechal 385 The culture The underground worlds in culture 334